Pemprosesan acuan
- 2024-10-29
Pembuatan acuan merujuk kepada pemprosesan alat membentuk dan mengosongkan, serta acuan memotong dan memotong. Biasanya, acuan terdiri daripada dua bahagian: acuan atas dan acuan bawah. Letakkan plat keluli di antara acuan atas dan bawah, dan bahan terbentuk di bawah tindakan akhbar. Apabila penekan dibuka, bahan kerja yang ditentukan oleh bentuk acuan akan diperolehi atau sisa yang sepadan akan dikeluarkan. Daripada penyambung elektronik ke panel instrumen automotif, bahan kerja boleh dibentuk menggunakan acuan. Acuan progresif merujuk kepada satu set acuan yang secara automatik boleh memindahkan bahan kerja yang diproses dari satu stesen kerja ke stesen kerja yang lain dan mendapatkan bahagian acuan di stesen kerja terakhir. Teknologi pemprosesan acuan termasuk acuan pemotongan, acuan setem, acuan komposit, acuan penyemperitan, empat acuan slaid, acuan progresif, acuan setem, acuan pemotongan mati, dll.
1. Die stamping logam: die berterusan, die tunggal, die komposit, die regangan
2. Acuan pengacuan plastik: acuan suntikan, acuan penyemperitan, acuan pembentuk vakum
3. Die casting acuan
4. Menempa acuan
5. Acuan metalurgi serbuk
6. Acuan getah
Memotong: bahan acuan depan, bahan acuan belakang, bahan sisip, bahan baris, bahan atas cenderung;
Pembukaan bingkai: bingkai acuan hadapan, bingkai acuan belakang;
Penebalan: Menebalkan rongga acuan hadapan, rongga acuan belakang, dan garisan perpisahan;
Gong tembaga: gong tembaga acuan hadapan, gong tembaga acuan belakang, gong tembaga sudut jelas garis perpisahan;
Pemotongan wayar: garis perpisahan tatahan, lelaki tembaga, kedudukan bantal atas condong;
Gong komputer: garisan perpisahan gong halus, teras acuan belakang gong halus;
Percikan elektrik: acuan hadapan kasar, lelaki tembaga, wayar acuan lelaki sudut jelas, kedudukan tulang acuan belakang, kedudukan bantal;
Penggerudian, lubang jarum dan pin atas;
UGNX, Pro/NC, CATIA, MasterCAM, SurfCAM, TopSolid CAM, SPACE-E, CAMWORKS, WorkNC, TEBIS, HyperMILL, Powermill, GibbsCAM, FEATURECAM dan banyak lagi
(1) Satu set acuan biasanya terdiri daripada acuan cekung, acuan cembung, dan rangka acuan, dan sesetengahnya juga mungkin berbilang modul dipasang. Jadi gabungan acuan atas dan bawah, gabungan sisipan dan rongga, dan pemasangan antara modul semuanya memerlukan ketepatan pemesinan yang tinggi. Ketepatan dimensi acuan ketepatan selalunya mencapai tahap mikrometer.
(2) Sesetengah produk, seperti penutup kereta, bahagian kapal terbang, mainan dan perkakas rumah, mempunyai bentuk dan permukaan yang kompleks yang terdiri daripada berbilang permukaan melengkung. Oleh itu, permukaan rongga acuan adalah sangat kompleks. Sesetengah permukaan mesti diproses menggunakan kaedah pengiraan matematik.
(3) Pengeluaran acuan kelompok kecil bukanlah pengeluaran besar-besaran, dan dalam banyak kes hanya satu kelompok dihasilkan.
(4) In multi process mold processing, various processes such as milling, boring, drilling, reaming, and threading are always used.
(5) The use of repetitive production molds has a lifespan. When the use of a mold exceeds its lifespan, a new mold needs to be replaced, so the production of molds often has repeatability.
(6) In the production of imitation machining molds, sometimes there are neither drawings nor data, and imitation machining needs to be carried out based on the actual object. This requires high imitation accuracy and no deformation.
(7) The mold material is excellent and has high hardness. The main material of the mold is often made of high-quality alloy steel, especially for molds with long service life, which are often made of martensitic steel such as Crl2 and CrWMn. This type of steel has strict requirements from rough forging, processing to heat treatment. Therefore, the formulation of processing technology cannot be ignored, and heat treatment deformation is also a serious issue that needs to be taken seriously in processing.
Based on the above characteristics, the selection of machine tools should meet the processing requirements as much as possible. The numerical control system should have strong functions, high machine tool accuracy, good rigidity, good thermal stability, and the ability to imitate.
Arrangement of processing technology flow
1. Bottom processing, guaranteed processing quantity;
2. Alignment of casting blank benchmark, inspection of 2D and 3D surface allowance;
3. Rough machining of 2D and 3D surfaces, non installation and non working surface machining (including safety platform surfaces, buffer installation surfaces, pressure plate surfaces, and side reference surfaces);
4. Before semi precision machining, find the correct side reference surface to ensure accuracy;
5. Semi precision machining of 2D and 3D surfaces, precision machining of various installation work surfaces (including limit block installation surface and contact surface, insert block installation surface and back surface, punch installation surface, waste cutter installation surface and back surface, spring installation surface and contact surface, various stroke limit work surfaces, wedge installation surface and back surface), semi precision machining of various guide surfaces and guide holes, leaving a margin for precision machining process reference holes and height reference surfaces, and recording data;
6. Check and recheck the machining accuracy;
7. The fitter inlaying process;
8. Before precision machining, align the process reference hole reference surface and check the allowance of the embedded block;
9. 2D and 3D precision machining surfaces, side punch surfaces and hole positions, precision machining process reference holes and height references, precision machining guide surfaces and guide holes;
10. Check and recheck the machining accuracy.
1. The process planning should be concise and expressed in detail, and the processing content should be expressed numerically as much as possible;
2. At the key and difficult points of processing, special emphasis should be placed on the craftsmanship;
3. Need to combine processing areas and express the process clearly;
4. When the inlay needs to be processed separately, pay attention to the process requirements for processing accuracy;
5. After combined processing, the embedded parts that need to be processed separately shall meet the benchmark requirements for process installation and separate processing during combined processing;
6. In mold processing, springs are the most easily damaged, so it is necessary to choose mold springs with long fatigue life. Mold springs made in Europe and America have a long fatigue life, and famous brands include
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